Millions of Poles still do not have a PESEL
Experts warn that most adults in Poland have not yet secured their PESEL number reservation system, leaving millions vulnerable to fraud. According to the Ministry of Digital Affairs of Poland, about 25.4 mln adults had not reserved their PESEL number by the end of 2025, while only 7.5 mln had done so.
Security specialists say blocking the number protects against crimes such as loans or contracts taken out in someone else’s name. Many people underestimate the risk or believe fraud only targets wealthy individuals. However, even small fraudulent debts can create serious legal and financial problems. Experts note that Poland is a European pioneer in offering this protection, and usage increased in 2025 after institutions were required to verify PESEL status and awareness campaigns expanded.
