Krakow’s challenges for the future: metro, senior homes and more foreign students

Kraków faces serious demographic challenges as one of Poland’s fastest-aging cities. According to Deputy Mayor Stanisław Mazur, the city's population is estimated at 1.05 million, with strategic plans aiming for 1.2 million. To attract younger residents, Kraków is promoting international student recruitment and planning major infrastructure investments like a metro system.
At the same time, the city is preparing to meet the needs of a growing elderly population by developing AI technologies, modernizing urban spaces for seniors, and expanding care facilities. Current shortages in affordable senior care are critical, with private care costs exceeding PLN 10,000 per month. Addressing these issues will require significant investment and long-term planning.