The estimated size of the shadow economy in Poland during the 2020 pandemic was 18-20% of GDP, according to the Global Compact’s report “Tackling the shadow economy in Poland 2020-2021.”
The Global Compact cautioned that the estimates are based on incomplete data, as accurately determining the scale and size of the informal sector during last year’s pandemic “requires more information and research collected.”
The study for 130 countries found that a 10% increase in the intensity of the epidemic corresponds to a 2.1% increase in the shadow economy.
The report pointed out that companies that did not meet the formal requirements to receive support from the crisis shield “had no incentive to respect other rules, so given a choice, whether to go out of business or move (temporarily or not) into the shadow economy to maintain business and jobs, it seems that many had no choice but to choose the shadow economy.”