Europe is increasingly shifting from a free-market model toward a system where the state sustains industry through massive, long-term funding. With weak private demand and high energy costs, sectors like defense and infrastructure are becoming the main drivers of production and employment.

Rising costs of energy, regulation, and financing are eroding competitiveness more than technology gaps. Repeated global crises have exposed Europe’s dependence on external supply chains and ended the era of cheap energy.

Governments are responding with large public investment programs, effectively replacing private demand, while defense spending stabilizes key industries. This marks a structural shift, not a temporary cycle, with industry increasingly reliant on state support to remain viable.

(wnp.pl)


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