Women in EU earn on average 11.1% less than men with lower pensions
Women in the European Union earn on average 11.1% less than men, and their pensions are 24.5% lower, increasing their risk of poverty. The pay gap fell slightly from 12% in 2023, with the highest disparity in Estonia at 18.8%, while Poland recorded a low 4% gap. Pension inequality remains significant, reaching 40.3% in Malta. These differences stem from lower wages, career breaks, and unequal care responsibilities. About 74% of women perform daily unpaid domestic work, far more than men.
The European Parliament has called for action, including pay transparency and better care infrastructure. Inequality cost the EU about PLN 390 bln in 2023 and limits economic growth potential.
